Job listings in applied behavior analysis (ABA) use several titles that sound alike. "ABA therapist" is a general term, "RBT" is an entry-level credential, and "BCBA" is a graduate-level certification. Here is how they differ.
ABA therapist: the general term
"ABA therapist" is an everyday name for someone who does ABA therapy work. It is not a credential on its own. Employers use it, along with titles like behavior technician or behavior therapist, for people who work directly with clients. Read the listing to see whether the role expects you to hold the RBT credential or will help you earn it.
RBT: the entry-level credential
A Registered Behavior Technician (RBT) holds an entry-level credential from the Behavior Analyst Certification Board (BACB). To earn it you complete a 40-hour training, pass a competency assessment with a qualified supervisor, and pass the RBT exam. RBTs implement behavior plans directly with clients, working under a BCBA's supervision.
BCBA: the graduate-level certification
A Board Certified Behavior Analyst (BCBA) holds a graduate-level certification. The path includes a master's degree, supervised fieldwork, and passing the BCBA exam. BCBAs assess clients, design and oversee treatment plans, and supervise RBTs.
Side-by-side comparison
- Education required: ABA therapist varies by employer; RBT needs a high school diploma or equivalent plus 40-hour training; BCBA needs a master's degree plus supervised fieldwork.
- Credential: ABA therapist is a job title, not a credential; RBT is a BACB credential earned by passing the RBT exam; BCBA is a BACB certification earned by passing the BCBA exam.
- Day to day: ABA therapists and RBTs work one-on-one with clients, running the activities in a behavior plan and recording data; BCBAs assess clients, write and update treatment plans, and review progress.
- Supervision: RBTs work under a BCBA's supervision; BCBAs supervise RBTs and oversee clinical work.
Who each path fits
- RBT fits people who want to start working in ABA without a college degree and enjoy hands-on time with clients.
- BCBA fits people ready for graduate school who want to design treatment and lead a clinical team.
- Many BCBAs start as RBTs, but the RBT credential does not count toward the BCBA on its own; they are separate credentials.